Masifa a mamolekyundi zinthu zofunika kwa gasi ndi madzi kulekana ndi kuyeretsa m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Ndi ma crystalline metalloaluminosilicates okhala ndi pores yunifolomu omwe amasankha mamolekyu adsorb kutengera kukula ndi mawonekedwe awo. Thekupanga masikelo a molekyuluimaphatikizapo njira zingapo zovuta kuti zitsimikizire kupanga zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zokhala ndi kukula kwake komanso katundu.
Kupanga ma sieve a molekyulu kumayamba ndi kusankha kwa zinthu zopangira, kuphatikiza sodium silicate, alumina ndi madzi. Zidazi zimasakanizidwa molingana ndendende kuti apange gel osakaniza, omwe kenako amapangidwa ndi hydrothermal synthesis process. Mu sitepe iyi, gel osakaniza amatenthedwa kutentha kwambiri pamaso pa zinthu zamchere kuti apititse patsogolo mapangidwe a kristalo okhala ndi pores yunifolomu.
Gawo lotsatira lofunika kwambiri pakupanga ndikusinthana kwa ion, komwe kumaphatikizapo kusintha ma ion a sodium mu mawonekedwe a kristalo ndi ma cations ena monga calcium, potaziyamu kapena magnesium. Njira yosinthira ma ionyi ndiyofunikira pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a masieve a maselo, kuphatikiza mphamvu ya adsorption ndi kusankha. Mtundu wa cation womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito posinthana ma ion umadalira zofunikira zenizeni za sieve ya maselo.
Pambuyo pa kusinthana kwa ion, sieve ya ma molekyulu imadutsa njira zingapo zotsuka ndi zowumitsa kuti zichotse zonyansa zilizonse ndi mankhwala otsala pakupanga. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti chomaliza chikukwaniritsa miyezo yokhazikika yoyeretsera yomwe imafunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale. Pambuyo kutsuka ndi kuyanika kutha, ma sieve a molekyulu amawerengedwa pa kutentha kwambiri kuti akhazikitse mawonekedwe a kristalo ndikuchotsa zotsalira za organic.
Gawo lomaliza popanga ndikutsegula ma sieve a molekyulu kuti awakonzekeretse kugwiritsa ntchito adsorption. Njira yotsegulira iyi nthawi zambiri imaphatikizapo kutenthetsamolecular sievepa kutentha kwambiri kuchotsa chinyezi ndi kuonjezera adsorption katundu. Kutalika ndi kutentha kwa njira yotsegulira kumayendetsedwa mosamala kuti mukwaniritse kukula kwa pore komwe mukufuna komanso malo amtundu wa sieve ya maselo.
Masieve a mamolekyu amapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pore, kuphatikiza 3A, 4A ndi 5A, iliyonse ili yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zina. Mwachitsanzo,3 Sieve ya molekyuluNthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mpweya ndi zakumwa, pomwe4A ndi 5A masifa a molekyuluamakonda kutsatsa mamolekyu akuluakulu ndikuchotsa zonyansa monga madzi ndi mpweya woipa.
Mwachidule, kupanga masieve a ma molekyulu ndi njira yovuta komanso yovuta kwambiri yomwe imaphatikizapo njira zingapo zofunika, kuphatikiza kaphatikizidwe ka hydrothermal, kusinthana kwa ion, kutsuka, kuyanika, kuwerengera, ndi kuyambitsa. Masitepewa amayendetsedwa mosamala kuti apangesieve maseloyokhala ndi makonda komanso kukula kwa pore kuti ikwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale monga petrochemical, mankhwala ndi gasi. Mapangidwe apamwambamasikelo a molekyulu opangidwaopangidwa ndi opanga odziwika amatenga gawo lofunikira pakukwaniritsa njira zolekanitsa ndi zoyeretsa m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-19-2024