Masifa a mamolekyuamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale amafuta ndi petrochemical pamachitidwe osiyanasiyana olekanitsa ndi kuyeretsa. Chimodzi mwazofunikira zawo ndikuyeretsa mpweya wa haidrojeni. Hydrogen imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chakudya m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, monga kupanga ammonia, methanol, ndi mankhwala ena. Komabe, mpweya wa haidrojeni wopangidwa m’njira zosiyanasiyana sukhala woyera mokwanira nthaŵi zonse, ndipo umafunika kuyeretsedwa kuti uchotse zonyansa monga madzi, carbon dioxide, ndi mpweya wina. Sieve za mamolekyulu ndi othandiza kwambiri pochotsa zonyansazi m'mitsinje ya gasi wa haidrojeni.

Masieve a mamolekyu ndi zida za porous zomwe zimatha kusankha ma molekyulu potengera kukula ndi mawonekedwe awo. Amakhala ndi chimango cha zibowo zolumikizidwa kapena ma pores omwe ali ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, zomwe zimawalola kusankha mamolekyu omwe amalowa m'mphakozi. Kukula kwa ma cavities kutha kuwongoleredwa panthawi yophatikizika kwa sieve ya maselo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kupanga zida zawo pazogwiritsa ntchito zina.

Pankhani ya kuyeretsedwa kwa haidrojeni, ma sieve a maselo amagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha madzi ndi zonyansa zina kuchokera mumtsinje wa gasi wa haidrojeni. Sieve ya mamolekyulu imatsitsa mamolekyu amadzi ndi zonyansa zina, ndikulola kuti mamolekyu a haidrojeni adutse. Zonyansa za adsorbed zitha kuchotsedwa mu sieve yama cell pozitentha kapena kuziyeretsa ndi mtsinje wa gasi.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambirimolecular sievepakuyeretsa hydrogen ndi mtundu wa zeolite wotchedwa 3A zeolite. Zeolite iyi ili ndi pore kukula kwa 3 angstroms, yomwe imalola kuti isankhe madzi ndi zonyansa zina zomwe zimakhala ndi kukula kwa maselo kuposa haidrojeni. Imasankhanso kwambiri madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza kwambiri pochotsa madzi mumtsinje wa haidrojeni. Mitundu ina ya zeolite, monga 4A ndi 5A zeolite, ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito poyeretsa haidrojeni, koma sasankha madzi ndipo ingafunike kutentha kwakukulu kapena kupanikizika kwa desorption.

Pomaliza, ma sieve a molekyulu amagwira ntchito bwino pakuyeretsa mpweya wa hydrogen. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale amafuta ndi petrochemical popanga mpweya wa hydrogen woyeretsedwa kwambiri pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. 3A zeolite ndiye sieve yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyeretsa haidrojeni, koma mitundu ina ya zeolite itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kutengera zomwe mukufuna.

Kupatula ma zeolite, mitundu ina ya sieve yamamolekyulu, monga activated carbon ndi silica gel, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyeretsa haidrojeni. Zidazi zimakhala ndi malo okwera kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa pore, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zogwira mtima kwambiri potsatsa zonyansa kuchokera ku mitsinje ya gasi. Komabe, sasankha kwambiri kuposa zeolite ndipo angafunike kutentha kwambiri kapena kukakamizidwa kuti apangidwenso.

Kuphatikiza pa kuyeretsa hydrogen,sieve maseloamagwiritsidwanso ntchito polekanitsa gasi ndi ntchito zoyeretsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa chinyezi ndi zonyansa kuchokera mumlengalenga, nayitrogeni, ndi mitsinje ina ya gasi. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kulekanitsa mpweya potengera kukula kwa mamolekyu, monga kulekanitsa mpweya ndi nayitrogeni kuchokera ku mpweya, komanso kulekanitsa ma hydrocarbons ku gasi.

Ponseponse, ma sieve a molekyulu ndi zida zosunthika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana m'mafakitale amafuta ndi petrochemical. Ndiwofunika kwambiri popanga mpweya woyeretsedwa kwambiri, ndipo amapereka ubwino wambiri kusiyana ndi njira zolekanitsa zachikhalidwe, monga kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zochepa, kusankha kwakukulu, komanso kugwira ntchito mosavuta. Pakuchulukirachulukira kwa mpweya woyeretsedwa kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kugwiritsa ntchito ma sieve a maselo akuyembekezeka kukula mtsogolo.