Masifa a mamolekyuNdizinthu zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale zolekanitsa mamolekyu kutengera kukula ndi mawonekedwe awo. Ndi ma crystalline zitsulo aluminosilicate okhala ndi maukonde olumikizana amitundu itatu a alumina ndi silika tetrahedra. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambirisieve maselondi 3A ndi 4A, omwe amasiyana kukula kwake ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito.
4 Sieve ya molekyulu imakhala ndi pore kukula kwa pafupifupi 4 angstroms, pomwe3 Sieve ya molekyulukukhala ndi pore yaying'ono kukula kwake mozungulira 3 angstroms. Kusiyanitsa kwa kukula kwa pore kumabweretsa kusiyanasiyana kwa kuthekera kwawo kwa adsorption ndi kusankha kwa mamolekyu osiyanasiyana.4 Sieve ya molekyuluNthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mpweya ndi zakumwa, komanso kuchotsa madzi ku zosungunulira ndi gasi. Kumbali inayi, 3A ma sieve a molekyulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuti achepetse madzi m'thupi la ma hydrocarboni osapangidwa ndi ma polar.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa kukula kwa pore kumakhudzanso mitundu ya mamolekyu omwe amatha kutsatiridwa ndi mtundu uliwonse wa sieve ya maselo. 4 Sieve ya ma molekyulu imagwira ntchito potsatsa mamolekyu akuluakulu monga madzi, mpweya woipa, ndi ma hydrocarboni osakhazikika, pomwe ma sieve a 3A amasankha kwambiri mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono monga madzi, ammonia, ndi mowa. Kusankha kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito komwe zonyansa zinazake zimafunika kuchotsedwa ku chisakanizo cha mpweya kapena zakumwa.
Mfundo ina yofunika kuiganizira posankha pakati3A ndi 4A masifa a molekyulundi kuthekera kwawo kupirira milingo yosiyanasiyana ya chinyezi. 3A ma sieve a ma molekyulu amalimbana kwambiri ndi nthunzi wa madzi poyerekeza ndi ma sieve a ma molekyulu a 4A, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito komwe kumakhala kodetsa nkhawa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ma sieve a 3A akhale abwino kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mumlengalenga ndi mpweya wowumitsa momwe kuchotsa madzi ndikofunikira.
Pankhani ya mafakitale, 4A masieve a molekyulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mpweya ndi nayitrogeni kuchokera ku njira zolekanitsa mpweya, komanso kuumitsa mafiriji ndi gasi. Kukhoza kwawo kuchotsa bwino madzi ndi carbon dioxide kumawapangitsa kukhala ofunika muzinthu izi. Kumbali ina, ma sieve a molekyulu a 3A amapeza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyanika ma hydrocarbon osapangidwa ndi unsaturated, monga gasi wosweka, propylene, ndi butadiene, komanso kuyeretsa gasi wamadzimadzi a petroleum.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kusankha pakati pa 3A ndi 4A sieve ya ma molekyulu kumadalira zofunikira zenizeni za ntchito, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa mamolekyu oti adsorbed, mlingo wa chinyezi chomwe chilipo, ndi chiyero chomwe chimafunidwa cha mapeto. Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa masifa a ma molekyuluwa ndikofunikira kwambiri pakusankha njira yoyenera kwambiri panjira inayake yamakampani.
Pomaliza, pamene onse3A ndi 4A masifa a molekyulundi zofunika pa njira zosiyanasiyana za kutaya madzi m'thupi ndi kuyeretsa, kusiyana kwawo mu kukula kwa pore, kusankhidwa kwa adsorption, ndi kukana chinyezi kumawapangitsa kukhala oyenera ntchito zosiyana. Pomvetsetsa kusiyana kumeneku, mafakitale amatha kupanga zisankho zodziwika bwino pazasankhidwe ndikugwiritsa ntchito masieve a maselo kuti akwaniritse bwino njira zawo ndikukwaniritsa kuyera kwazinthu zomwe akufuna.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-27-2024